Damith Danthanarayana

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Exposure in Photography | A Beginner's Ultimate Guide

Exposure is like the ABCs of photography—it's the foundation and one of the most important basics you'll need to grasp. Let's unravel the mystery of exposure and make it simple. Especially if you're planning to venture into manual mode. Exposure is the magic potion that can make your photos go from drab to fab.

What is exposure?

In photography, exposure is the amount of light that reaches your camera sensor or film. It is a crucial part of how bright or dark your pictures will turn out.

When the light passes through the camera lens to the camera sensor for a determined period of time, the amount of light that reaches the camera will determine the final look of the image. 

The main effect of photography's exposure is to capture the image with a determined brightness. When you shoot a perfectly exposed photo, you are capturing all the details in the highlights and shadows.

If your camera sensor doesn't get enough light, it's like leaving your photo in the shadows. We call it underexposure. And if your sensor gets a bit too carried away with the light, it's like a party that got too wild—it's called overexposure.

The concept of the exposure triangle provides a clear visual representation of the interplay between your camera's shutter speed, aperture, and ISO settings, The exposure triangle is not an actual “tool” you use in the field. It’s a visual aid to help you understand a concept. Exposure is made up of three different camera settings known as shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. These three buddies work together to make sure your exposure is spot on. Don't worry, we'll have separate chat sessions about each of these three amigos.

Camera’s internal light/ exposure meter

The light meter is a handy little tool that tells you how bright your photo will look before you take it. It works by measuring the light in the scene, then telling you how bright your picture will look based on your current settings. This is an essential part of manual mode. Choosing the right exposure is absolutely crucial for every photo you take. By learning how to use your camera’s internal light meter, you can make this process easy. Your camera's internal light meter stands as one of the most crucial tools at your disposal as a photographer. This convenient instrument grants you the ability to gauge precisely how luminous your photo will appear even before you capture the shot. The light meter is found in two places. The first place is through your camera’s viewfinder. The second place you will find it is in your camera’s settings display.

Exposure on the histogram.

Mirrorless and DSLR cameras have a small LCD screen that gives you a preview of the photo you just took. In that small preview, you might not be able to tell if an image is properly exposed. Because of that, DSLR and mirrorless cameras can show you a graphical representation of exposure data known as a histogram.

If you really want to master exposure, reading about it isn’t enough. You also need to go out into the field and practice what you’ve learned.

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