Sri Lankan leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya)
The Sri Lankan leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya) is a leopard subspecies native to Sri Lanka. It was first described in 1956 by Sri Lankan zoologist “Paules Edward Pieris Deraniyagala”. The Sri Lankan leopards are still found in all habitats throughout the island, in both protected and unprotected areas. These apex predators feed on a `diverse range of prey, including deer, monkeys, birds, and reptiles, making them an essential part of Sri Lanka's ecosystem.
Scientific name : Panthera pardus kotiya
Life Span : Around 12 - 15 years
Average weight : Male 60 kg and Female 35 kg
Diet : Carnivore
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia
Order : Carnivora
Suborder : Feliformia
Family : Felidae
Subfamily : Pantherinae
Genus : Panthera
Species : P. pardus
Subspecies : P. p. kotiya
Unfortunately, Sri Lankan leopards are facing multiple threats, including habitat loss due to human activities such as deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization. Poaching is also a significant threat, as these leopards are hunted for their skins and body parts.
To combat these challenges, Sri Lanka has established several national parks and protected areas where leopards can thrive. Yala National Park, Wilpattu National Park, Kumana National Park, and Horton Plains National Park are all fantastic locations to observe these stunning creatures in their natural habitats. These protected areas offer visitors the opportunity to witness Sri Lankan leopards up close while ensuring that their habitats are preserved for future generations. In addition, conservation organizations are working with local communities to promote sustainable practices that benefit both the leopards and the people who live near them. By educating locals on the importance of preserving these animals and their habitats, we can ensure the survival of Sri Lanka's beautiful and unique wildlife.
International Leopard Day is observed on May 3rd each year to raise awareness about the conservation of these magnificent big cats. This day celebrates the importance of leopards in maintaining the balance of nature and highlights the threats they face in the wild. It's a day to promote actions that can help protect leopards and their habitats and to appreciate the beauty and significance of these amazing animals.
Death incidents of Sri Lankan leopards
Sri Lankan leopards are facing a multitude of threats from human activities, including human-wildlife conflict, poaching, vehicle accidents, traps, and habitat destruction. Snares are the leading cause of death among Sri Lanka’s leopards these days. These activities have led to the killing of several leopards, resulting in a decline in their population. These incidents underscore the need for increased conservation efforts and awareness about the importance of protecting Sri Lankan leopards and their habitats. It is essential to take the necessary measures to mitigate these threats and ensure the survival of the Sri Lankan leopard species for future generations.
Examples:
(C) http://www.dailynews.lk/2023/03/02/local/298523/leopard-dies-bulathkohupitiya
(C) Thusitha Nuwan
05) Rare black leopard dies in Sri Lanka after being rescued (05/2020)
The black leopard that was rescued in the Laxapana Estate, Nallathanniya while trapped in a snare, and died while being treated at the Elephant Transit Home at Udawalawe.
Link 01: https://www.newswire.lk/2020/05/29/leopardblack/
Link 02: https://www.dailymirror.lk/breaking_news/Black-leopard-rescued-at-Nallathanniya-dies/108-189146
Link 03: https://www.theanimalreader.com/2020/05/29/rare-black-leopard-dies-in-sri-lanka-after-being-rescued/
Link 04: https://www.newsfirst.lk/2020/05/29/rare-black-leopard-recently-rescued-from-a-snare-dies/
Leopard Identification for better conservation
01) YALA leopard diary
A website with the latest leopard identification details of the leopards of the Yala National Park- Block-1.
02) Leopards of Wilpattu (wilpattu.com)
A study of individual leopards in Wilpattu National Park using photographic identification,
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